A diesel pump is a composite piece of automotive equipment, which is also known as a diesel fuel injection pump. The main work of diesel pump is to pump the fuel from these fuel tank into diesel engine cylinders. The diesel fuel injection pump is considered as the heart of the engine. The diesel pump is not only responsible for supplying the fuel to the engine but also pumping out gasoline, which largely depends on the type of engine used. In an automobile, both air and fuel are equally important to ignite the vehicle; therefore, the diesel engine and gasoline are referred as the internal combustion engines.
Types of Diesel Pumps
The electronic and mechanical injection pumps and their functions are same as gasoline fuel system. The four key types of diesel injections (mechanical) are:
#1 Inline or Rotary Distributor Pump: This is the most commonly used diesel injection pump. This pump dispenses the fuel to all engine cylinders. In this process, the fuel passes through the fuel filter to transfer pump, which is attached to the distributor pump. The pressure of the fuel while flowing through the distributor pump is approximately 1800 psi. From the distributor pump, fuel is absorbed to the injector connected to the suitable engine cylinder.
#2 Individual Control Pump: As the name suggests, this system uses a separate pump of high pressure and also a metering unit for each cylinder. Here, the fuel is distributed from the transfer pump. Every pump has a plunger, which consists of a helix cut grooves for fuel metering. The plungers are operated by rotating or sliding them, this helps the pump to change its strokes and meter the fuel injector.
#3 Common Rail: Injectors help to atomize the fuel for proper combustion. Here, the fuel is distributed to the injector via common rail. In this system, rotators, sliders, rockers and pushrods are used for stimulating injectors.
#4 Unit Injection: This system is almost same as the individual control pump. They also use separate injectors for each engine cylinder. The injector consists of fuel meter and high-pressure pumps and is operated by rotator and sliders.
Functions of Diesel Pumps
Feeding Fuel: Diesel pumps help to the fuel to pass through the injector into the engine. For this purpose, the plunger is built inside the pump, and this assists to flow the fuel in high pressure to the injector.
Adjusting Fuel Quantity: The intake of air is almost constant as per the load and speed of the vehicle. The fuel injection and engine output are proportional to each other and so it is adjusted by the accelerator pedal.
Adjusting Injection Timing: In order to achieve the optimum combustion, a timer is set up inside the system in order to adjust and change the timing of injection. However, ignition time is almost constant regardless of the engine speed.
Atomizing Fuel: One of the most important functions of diesel pump is to improve ignition and give full combustion by pressurizing the fuel through the pump and atomizing it by the injector and mixing it with the air meticulously.
The diesel pumps have numerous benefits, and so it is important for you to make sure that you consider the various angles of you can use it for the required purpose. There are various models of diesel pumps available in the market, and so if you are choosing one, it will be good to research well and only go for the one that is economical and efficient at the same time.
